ABSTRACT
In the current scenario of search for the reduction of maternal and child mortality,
health promotion actions and prevention of gestational disorders have gained
relevance. In this context, the study aimed to create and validate an instrument to
measure the determinants of non-adherence of pregnant women to the practice of
physical exercise in order to obtain results that can subsidize the improvement of
primary care for maternal and child health, once that the rates of physical inactivity in
pregnant women are high. For that, a methodological study was developed that built
and validated the content of an instrument developed from three phases: integrative
review, study and preliminary analysis of the reality, and validation of the content of
the instrument by judges (restricted to the theoretical pole). An integrative review
conducted in the databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Medical
Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean
Literature in Health Sciences, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct allowed the
selection of 56 studies, the definition of multidimensionality the construction of
constitutive and operational definitions, the identification of four dimensions
(intrapersonal factors, interpersonal processes, environmental factors and public
policies) related to the construct non adherence to the practice of physical exercise
during pregnancy, in addition to having opportunized the construction of 40 items in
the first version of the instrument. The study and preliminary analysis of the reality
had the objective of knowing the perceptions of 19 pregnant women regarding the
regular practice of physical activity in general, limiting factors, and investigating the
recommendations of the practice of physical activity by the health team in order to
identify dimensions that are relevant to the construct. Thus, interviews were
conducted from which emerged 13 operational definitions related to non adherence
to exercise practice during pregnancy. In the process of validation of the instrument
by the five judges who agreed to participate in the study, these 40 items were
analyzed with respect to their dimensions, sub-dimensions, relevance of the items
and the instrument as a whole. Regarding to the content validity, 30 items were
adjusted (according to the judges' suggestions), but all obtained acceptable CVIi
(CVIi > 0.80), 8 were not modified, 2 were excluded (CVIi < 0.80), and 1 item gave
rise to two items. In this way, the final version of the instrument was composed of 39
items. The CVIs of the instrument obtained a maximum score (CVIs = 1). The
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instrument did not have to go through the second analysis of the judges. It was concluded, that it was possible to develop and validate the content of the instrument of measurement of the determinants of non-adherence to the practice of physical exercise during gestation. It is recommended that the study be continued with regard to the empirical pole so that, posteriorly, the instrument can be applied to pregnant women classified with habitual gestational risk and who have medical release for the practice of physical exercise. It is hoped that all the different health professionals who work with this public can use the instrument to identify and measure the determinants of non-adherence, and make recommendations with the purpose of reducing these barriers and, consequently, contributing to the improvement of maternal health child.
Key-words: Pregnant women. Exercise. Validation studies. Prenatal Care. Primary Health Care. Public Health.
