ABTRACT
Sickle cell disease is a hereditary disease, characterized by a change in the red
blood cells, where they lose their rounded shape, harden and take the appearance of
a sickle (which gives rise to the sickle-shaped term), making it difficult to passage of
blood through the vessels and oxygenation of tissues. In Brazil, every year, 3,500
children with sickle cell disease and 200,000 with sickle cell trait are born. Among
sickle cell diseases, the most clinically significant is Sickle Cell Anemia. The objective
of this work is to study the spatial distribution of people with sickle cell disease in the
State of Ceará, in order to understand the epidemiological profile of this population.
The study will have an analytical approach of quantitative nature, whose population
will be composed of people diagnosed with sickle cell disease. The collection was
performed between May and November 2018 through the Hemovida Web systems of
the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Ceará (HEMOCE), the HOSPUB
system of the Albert Sabin Children's Hospital (HIAS) and the computerized system
Master of the University Hospital Walter Cantidio (HUWC). The data were processed
in Excel software and EpiInfo 7.0® software and for spatial analysis the QGIS version
2.16.3 program was used. The research was approved by the Research Ethics
Committee (CEP) of the State University of Ceará (UECE), the proposing institution,
and by the said institutions: HIAS (opinion no. 2,668,033), HUWC (opinion no.
2,699,474) and HEMOCE (Letter of consent), under Opinion No. 2,551,720. Results:
Sickle cell disease was more prevalent in the age group over 20 years and in
women. The brown breed was the most affected, as well as people from the urban
zone and with incomplete elementary level of education. The most frequent
hemoglobinopathy was HbSS, and the complications with the highest incidence were
seizures and pneumonia. As for the medications, the most used were: folic acid and
hydroxide. Conclusion: It was concluded that the early diagnosis of sickle cell
disease can not only reduce clinical manifestations, but also improve the therapeutic
outcome and the prognosis of the cases, providing better quality of life for patients
Keywords: Sickle Cell Anemia. Epidemiology. Spatial Analysis
